ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cumulative Stressors in Preterm Infants Hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Background Infants’ exposure to stressors in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and its outcomes is a new issue since previous studies have only focused on painful stimuli. Taking into account frequency and severity of the stressors on each infant, short and long-term outcome of these stressors can be improved. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the cumulative stressors in premature infants hospitalized in a NICU. Methods In this descriptive study, 197 hospitalized preterm infants between 28 to 30 weeks of gestation were studied in terms of cumulative stressors during 10 days at the NICU of Tabriz Alzahra hospital. Consecutive sampling method was used. Demographic questionnaire and neonatal infant stressor scale were used. Descriptive statistics, repeated measures analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient tests were used to analyze the data. Results The total mean of stress scores during 10 days was 99.44 ± 17.37. “Multiple attempts to insert intravenous and intra-arterial catheters and “intubation” were the most frequent procedures in the “extremely stressful” category among four categories of stressors. The highest scores of acute and chronic stress were related to the tenth and third day of hospitalization, respectively. There was no significant difference between infants’ characteristics and total mean stress scores. Repeated measures analysis showed that the mean acute stress scores were significantly different among the 10 subsequent days (P < 0.05). Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated the frequent occurrence of various procedures in preterm infants hospitalized at the NICU. Although these procedures were done with the purpose of improving infants’ health, they can lead to problems and complications, which might postpone the infants’ recovery process.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65470_9da45042397a0c0b40afd4fdf2eefe37.pdf
2016-07-01
10.17795/nmsjournal32233
Preterm Infant
Stress
NICU
Cumulative Stressors
Mahni
Rahkar Farshi
1
1Pediatric Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mahnaz
Jabraeili
2
1Pediatric Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Roya
Sabouhi
3
2Neonatal Intensive Care Department, Tabriz Alzahra Hospital, Tabriz, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Ghorbani
ghorbanif@tbzmed.ac.ir
4
3Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Designing and Psychometric Evaluation of the Competency Inventory for Postgraduate Students of Intensive Care Nursing
Background Today, the role of expert clinical nurses is highlighted because their presence is necessary for guaranteeing the quality of nursing care provided for the patients. However, there are no proper instruments for measuring the clinical competence of postgraduate students in intensive care nursing. Objectives The present study aimed at development and psychometric evaluation of the clinical-competence inventory for postgraduate students of intensive care nursing. Patients and Methods A methodological study was conducted at state nursing schools of Iran. The participants were postgraduate students of intensive care nursing, who were being trained at 16 nursing schools throughout Iran, during year 2014. After examining some relevant texts, the first draft of the inventory was designed with 60 items. In order to confirm its face and content validity, a panel of experts and students examined the inventory. The final draft, which contained 44 items, was distributed among postgraduate students of intensive care nursing, and 217 students answered the inventory. The construct validity was verified using exploratory factor analysis. The reliability of the inventory was verified using consistency tests. Results Firstly an instrument with 60 items was developed. Next, the face and content validity of the instrument was assessed by 15 students and 11 experts. Overall, 16 items were removed through validity assessment and 44 items remained in the final draft. The content validity index of the final draft was 0.90. Moreover, the content validity ration of 44 items ranged between 0.75 and 1. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the inventory was 0.95 and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the test-retest results was 0.96. To examine the construct validity of the final draft, it was administered for 217 postgraduate students of intensive care nursing and five factors, with Eigenvalues above one and loading level equal to or above 0.4, were extracted through exploratory factor analysis. Conclusions The inventory developed in this study is a suitable index for evaluating the efficacy of postgraduate students in the field of intensive care nursing.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65471_88ba5071c8734bd7dde8815b9bb7effd.pdf
2016-06-01
10.17795/nmsjournal32677
Psychometric
Inventory
Clinical competence
Students
Intensive Care Nursing
Abbas
Ebadi
1
1Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Ebadi
ebadi1347@yahoo.com
2
1Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Zeinab
Tabanejad
ztabanejad@yahoo.com
3
2School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Marzieh
Pazokian
4
3School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Saeid
Yasser
5
4Trauma Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Improvement in Activity of Daily Living and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: the Impact of Nutrition Education
Background Fatigue is one of the most common complications of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, a few studies are available on the effect of nutrition education on fatigue and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in patients with MS. Objectives This study aimed to assess the effect of nutrition education on fatigue and ability to perform ADL in patients with MS. Methods This quasi-experimental one group, pretest and posttest study was performed on 40 patients with MS, who were conveniently recruited among patients, registered at the Iranian MS Society. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), a standard ADL scale, and a 24-hour food recall for two days. The instruments were completed at the start and two months after the intervention. Descriptive statistics and paired t test were used to analyze the data. Results Sixty percent of the patients had severe fatigue before the intervention while, 90% of them reported mild fatigue after the intervention. The mean posttest ADL was increased by 12.45 units after the intervention when compared with the pretest value (P
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65472_f5f1a4ab211d7dd0f3ac25284f7b0878.pdf
2016-08-01
10.17795/nmsjournal32862
Quality of Life
fatigue
Multiple Sclerosis
Nutrition Education
Farnoosh
Rashvand
1
1Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran and Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mitra
Abtahi
mitra_abtahi@yahoo.com
2
2Nutrition Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Moshtagh Eshgh
3
3Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Farvid
4
4Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Hamed
Pouraram
5
5Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Iranian Women’s Strategies for Coping with Domestic Violence
Background Behavioral coping strategies may lead to either increased or reduced violence or associated stress, while also affecting psychological outcomes. To help abused Iranian women cope better with domestic violence and to provide better care for them, it is crucial to investigate their strategies for coping with domestic violence. Objectives This qualitative study explores the strategies used by Iranian women to cope with domestic violence. Materials and Methods This study uses a qualitative design, based on a content analysis approach. The participants comprised 24 married women, selected from parks, health centers and two colleges located in Tehran, Iran. The purposive sampling method was used to recruit the participants and continued until data saturation was reached. Semi-structured interviews were carried out to gather data. Results During the data analysis, a theme “situation management” emerged together with two categories, comprising “the strategies of violence control” and “the strategies of distress control”. The results show that the participants try to manage the abusive situation by controlling violence and or the distress it causes. Conclusions Unlike common stereotypes that reveal women to be submissive and passive in the face of violence, the results show that the participants in this study coped with violence using consciousness and creativity, and by relying on the available resources. An understanding of the coping strategies used by abused women could help health staff to provide better care for such women and encourage them to use more effective strategies.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65473_459182100d7e8571793bf48a16de9074.pdf
2016-06-01
10.17795/nmsjournal33124
coping
Strategies
Intimate Partner Violence
Domestic Violence
Wife Abuse
Iran
Sakineh
Taherkhani
1
1School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Negarandeh
rnegarandeh@tums.ac.ir
2
2Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Masomeh
Simbar
3
3School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Fazlollah
Ahmadi
4
4Nursing Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Examination of Determinants That Affect the Health-Service Systems and Health Status of People in the Greater Mekong Subregion
Background One means of better understanding the variations in health systems among the four greater Mekong subregion (GMS) countries is to determine how the overall health environment influences the area’s health-service systems and health status. Objectives The study examined the determinants that affect the health-service systems and health status of the Thai, Lao, Vietnamese, and Cambodian people in the GMS countries, as well as the determinants that best predict health-service-system quality and health status. Patients and Methods The sample groups consisted of 320 - 402 clients and 30 - 69 healthcare providers recruited from three hospitals with similar topographies to those in the respective countries. The sample sizes depended on the number of hospital beds and people in the study areas. The questionnaires included assessments of the perceptions of health-service-system quality and health status, as well as the affecting determinants; the analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results The major findings included the following: first, for the clients’ perceptions, only the internal determinant that reflected the strengths and weaknesses of the hospital environment was shown to be a strong predictor of health-service-system quality of the GMS countries. Second, for both the clients’ and providers’ perceptions, we found no common determinant that could predict the health status of GMS people, although we did find a few similar and different determinants. Societal and cultural values affected health-service-system quality and the health status of Vietnamese people, as well the health status of the Lao people, while trade and investment only had an impact on the health-status perception of Lao clients. In addition, medical information and technology affected the health-service systems of Thailand and Vietnam, as well as the health status of the people of Thailand and Laos; the living and working environment influenced the health status of the people of Thailand and Vietnam. The strengths and weaknesses of the hospital also affected the health status of the people of Vietnam and Cambodia. Conclusions These findings may be used for further knowledge development and for various practical applications. Our findings recommend that a comprehensive and system-wide review of health-policy planning and strategic settings should be conducted in accordance with those particular factors to improve the health-service systems and health status of the GMS countries.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65474_e219c1dd58f1b55b927a1fcdced34cc5.pdf
2016-04-01
10.17795/nmsjournal33178
determinants
Health
Service Systems
Health Status
Greater Mekong Subregion
Manyat
Ruchiwit
mruchiwit99@gmail.com
1
1Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
LEAD_AUTHOR
Suwanna
Cowawintaweewat
2
2Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
AUTHOR
Anek
Pootong
3
2Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
AUTHOR
Chayapat
Wareenil
4
3Institute of East Asian Studies, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
AUTHOR
Lisa R
Pawloski
5
4George Mason University, Virginia, USA
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Among Premarital Couples: A Need for Future Educational Programs
Background A significant number of youths have insufficient awareness about sexual health; whereas, correct sexual information is the main factor to prevent adverse consequences. Objectives The current study aimed to investigate the sexual knowledge and attitudes in a sample of Iranian premarital couples. Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a sequential sample of 500 males and females who met the inclusion criteria was selected. This study was conducted in Kashan, Iran. Participants were in the age range of 16 to 40 years referred for premarital testing and educational classes. Two questionnaires containing demographic data and a culturally based sexual knowledge and attitudes scale were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U, analysis of variance and multivariate regression. Results About 50% of premarital couples had poor sexual knowledge and attitudes. The mean score of total sexual knowledge was 12.45 ± 8.54 out of a possible score of 33; and the mean score of total sexual attitudes was 121.63 ± 14.51 out of a possible score of 170. A significant association existed between the score of sexual knowledge and the level of education (P < 0.01), participants’ age (P < 0.01) and the score of sexual attitudes (P < 0.01). Conclusions The majority of participants had poor sexual knowledge and attitudes regarding different aspects of sexual health.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65475_24c7d7c562a53de6a39bf6f77118bf72.pdf
2016-06-01
10.17795/nmsjournal34469
sexual health
Attitude
Couples
Premarital
Zohreh
Sadat
sadat@kaums.ac.ir
1
1Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Fazlollah
Ghofranipour
ghofranf@modares.ac.ir
2
1Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Azita
Goshtasebi
3
2Department of Family Health, Health metrics Research center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Ali
Azin
4
3Department of Health Promotion, Iranian Academic Center For Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Faculty Members Quality of Work Life in Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2012
Background Quality of work life (QWL) is one of the most important factors for motivating humans and improving work. As one of the main assets for a university, faculty members should have a good QWL. However, few studies have been done concerning the QWL in faculty members and there are differing results from these previous reports. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the faculty members’ QWL in the Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 65 faculty members of the Kashan University of Medical Sciences during 2012. Faculty members were randomly selected from a list that was prepared through the Kashan University of Medical Sciences website. The data-gathering instruments consisted of two parts. The first part consisted of questions concerning demographic information, while the second part was the Walton’s quality of work life questionnaire. For statistical analyses, t-tests and one-way analyses of variance were used. Results The subjects consisted of 64.6% men, 33.8% were in the medical college, 43.1% lived in a personal house, and 43.1% were instructors. The results of the study showed that faculty members’ overall QWL was 72.98 ± 9.62. No significant differences were observed between the subjects' mean QWL with regard to place of work, scientific ranking, and living location. Conclusions QWL has an important impact on attracting and retaining employees, thus, it is necessary to pay greater attention to the faculty members’ QWL.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65476_a48439e7690cc3b525cc35f38ad47fc5.pdf
2016-06-01
10.17795/nmsjournal35921
Faculty Members
quality of work life
medical education
Farzaneh
Maghaminejad
1
1Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Adib-Hajbaghery
adib1344@yahoo.com
2
1Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Intervention Based on Pender’s Model of Health-Promoting Self-Care Behaviors in Women who are the Head of their Household
Background A number of studies have reported that women as the head of the household suffer from poor physical health. Yet, a few studies are available on the effects of health-promoting interventions for this vulnerable group. Objectives The present study was conducted to determine the effect of an intervention based on Pender’s model on health-promoting behaviors in women who were the head of their household. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 66 women, who were the heads of households with inappropriate physical health-promoting behaviors, selected by the consensus method and allocated to intervention and control groups using the randomized permuted block method. The intervention group received supportive-educational intervention according to Pender’s model. Posttest was carried out for both intervention and control groups two months after the end of the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential tests, including independent samples t, paired t, Chi-square, Mantel-Haenszel tests and logistic regression analysis. Results The subjects’ mean age was 39.58 ± 6.69 years, of whom, 47% were widowed; they were mostly housewives with a mean schooling of 7.97 ± 4.31 years, and 74.2% had insufficient income. Prior to the intervention, women who were the head of the household and had poor level of health-promoting behaviors were selected. There was no significant difference between the two groups in mean score of the components of the health-promoting model (P < 0.05). The intervention group had significantly better performance in physical health-promoting behaviors, two months after the intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusions The supportive-educational intervention was effective on the physical health-promoting behaviors of women who were the head of the household. Thus, this model can be used as a framework for planning interventions to promote the physical health of such women.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65477_ae07ef2693f26c52a1c9e9c02923e5d8.pdf
2016-08-01
10.17795/nmsjournal37253
Health promotion
Pender’s Model
Physical Health
Women
Head of Household
Shahla
Khosravan
1
1Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Alami
2
2Department of Health, School of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Mansoorian
3
1Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Marzieh
Kamali
kamali.m.65@gmail.com
4
3Department of Community Health Nursing, Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Achillea millefolium Distillate on Recovery Time in Patients with Gastroenteritis
Background Some animal studies have reported that Achillea millefolium (A. millefolium) extract can affect intestinal movements in rats. However, no study is available on the effect of A. millefolium on recovery from gastroenteritis in human subjects. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of A. millefolium on recovery from gastroenteritis in patients over 12 years old. Patients and Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 44 patients with gastroenteritis. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups of 22 each. The control group received the usual treatments. In addition to the usual treatments, the intervention group received 0.5 mL/kg of A. millefolium distillate every 8 hours. The duration of recovery was recorded for both groups. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and the t-test were used to compare the two groups. Results The mean duration of recovery in the group receiving A. millefolium distillate was 1.31 ± 0.71 days, while it was 1.86 ± 0.71 days in the control group (P = 0.015). Conclusions Adding A. millefolium distillate to the usual treatment for simple gastroenteritis was effective in shortening the recovery time.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65478_2bb6636730758e1bafc08dbe83089f79.pdf
2016-05-01
10.17795/nmsjournal37268
Gastroenteritis
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Recovery
Masoumeh
Abdi
1
1Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Sharif
mrsharifmd@yahoo.com
2
2Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Adib-Hajbaghery
adib1344@yahoo.com
3
1Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Sharif
4
2Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Dignity Therapy on Perceived Dignity in Patients With Major Depression Disorder
Background Because of the scarcity of studies on the effect of dignity therapy in patients with depression, and the conflicting results of the available studies, it is still unclear whether dignity therapy improves perceived dignity in patients with major depression disorder. Objectives This study aimed to examine the effect of dignity therapy on the perceived dignity of patients with major depression disorder. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 58 patients with major depression disorder were randomly separated to an intervention group (28 patients) and a control group (30 ones). The intervention group received dignity therapy, according to a standard protocol and the control group only received routine care. A questionnaire for examining perceived human dignity was implemented immediately before and two months after the intervention. Descriptive statistics, Fischer’s exact test, Chi square, independent samples t-test, paired t-test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used in data analysis. Results Of the 58 patients under study, 65.5% were female. No significant difference was found between the mean overall perceived dignity scores of the intervention group (100.2 ± 6.6) and the control group (99.8 ± 4.5) before the intervention (P = 0.78). However, two months after the intervention, the mean overall dignity scores were significantly different in the two groups (intervention group: 87.2 ± 3.8, control group: 98.9 ± 3.7, P < 0.001). Dignity therapy was effective on the subscales of dependency, peace of mind and social protection (P < 0.001), however, it did not affect distress signs (P = 0.10) and existential distress subscales (P = 0.09). Conclusions Dignity therapy can improve perceived dignity in patients with major depression disorder. Therefore, this method can be implemented to improve perceived dignity in patients with major depression.
https://nmsjournal.kaums.ac.ir/article_65479_0bdffaa068cb08d10418b44e58c302a3.pdf
2016-09-01
10.17795/nmsjournal38288
Dignity Therapy
Human’s Dignity
Major depression disorder
Clinical trial
Saeed
Vaghee
1
1Evidence- Based Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Heydari
heidarya@mums.ac.ir
2
1Evidence- Based Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR