1. Palacios S, Henderson VW, Siseles N, Tan D, Villaseca P. Age of
menopause and impact of climacteric symptoms by geographical
region. Climacteric 2010;13:419‑28.
2. Orlowski M, Sarao MS. Physiology, Follicle Stimulating
Hormone, 2021 May 09. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL):
StatPearls Publishing; 2022.
3. Dalal PK, Agarwal M. Postmenopausal syndrome. Indian J
Psychiatry 2015;57:S222‑32.
4. El Hajj A, Wardy N, Haidar S, Bourgi D, Haddad ME,
Chammas DE, et al. Menopausal symptoms, physical activity
level and quality of life of women living in the Mediterranean
region. PLoS One 2020;15:e0230515.
5. Berek JS. Berek & Novak’s Gynecology Essentials. 1st ed.
Philadelphia, United States: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;
2020. p. 832.
6. O’Neill S, Eden J. The pathophysiology of menopausal
symptoms. Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med 2017;27:303‑10.
7. Safary M, Hakimi S, Mobaraki‑Asl N, Amiri P, Tvassoli H,
Delazar A. Comparison of the effects of fenugreek vaginal cream
and ultra low‑ dose estrogen on atrophic vaginitis. Curr Drug
Deliv 2020;17:815‑22.
8. Bil J, Pietraszek N, Pawlowski T, Gil RJ. Advances in
mechanisms and treatment options of MINOCA caused by
vasospasm or microcirculation dysfunction. Curr Pharm Des
2018;24:517‑31.
9. Cipolletti M, Solar Fernandez V, Montalesi E, Marino M,
Fiocchetti M. Beyond the antioxidant activity of dietary
polyphenols in cancer: The modulation of estrogen
receptors (ERs) signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2018;19:2624.
10. Koeppen BM, Stanton BA. Berne and Levy Physiology e‑Book.
7th ed. Philadelphia, St. Louis and New York: Elsevier Health
Sciences; 2017. p. 880.
11. Doshi SB, Agarwal A. The role of oxidative stress in menopause.
J Midlife Health 2013;4:140‑6.
12. García‑Sánchez A, Miranda‑Díaz AG, Cardona‑Muñoz EG. The
role of oxidative stress in physiopathology and pharmacological
treatment with pro‑ and antioxidant properties in chronic
diseases. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020;2020:2082145.
13. Javadivala Z, Merghati‑Khoei E, Asghari Jafarabadi M,
Allahverdipour H, Mirghafourvand M, Nadrian H, et al. Efficacy
of pharmacological and non‑pharmacological interventions on
low sexual interest/arousal of peri‑and post‑menopausal women:
A meta‑analysis. Sex Relation Ther 2019;34:242‑70.
14. Roomruangwong C, Carvalho AF, Comhaire F, Maes M.
Lowered plasma steady‑state levels of progesterone combined
with declining progesterone levels during the luteal phase
predict peri‑menstrual syndrome and its major subdomains. Front
Psychol 2019;10:2446.
15. Mueck AO. Problem‑patients in HRT. Maturitas 2019;124:129.
16. Yin Z, Harrell M, Warner JL, Chen Q, Fabbri D, Malin BA. The
therapy is making me sick: How online portal communications
between breast cancer patients and physicians indicate medication
discontinuation. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018;25:1444‑51.
17. Moore TR, Franks RB, Fox C. Review of efficacy of
complementary and alternative medicine treatments for
menopausal symptoms. J Midwifery Womens Health
2017;62:286‑97.
18. Koshak A, Koshak E, Heinrich M. Medicinal benefits of Nigella
sativa in bronchial asthma: A literature review. Saudi Pharm J
2017;25:1130‑6.
19. Ahmad A, Husain A, Mujeeb M, Khan SA, Najmi AK,
Siddique NA, et al. A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella
sativa: A miracle herb. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013;3:337‑52.
20. Bauld R, Brown RF. Stress, psychological distress, psychosocial
factors, menopause symptoms and physical health in women.
Maturitas 2009;62:160‑5.
21. Parhizkar S, Latiff AL, Rahman AS, Dollah MA. Evaluation of
estrogen‑like activity of Nigella sativa in ovariectomized rats.Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2011;5:1006‑11.
22. Butt MS, Imran M, Imran A, Arshad MS, Saeed F, Gondal TA,
et al. Therapeutic perspective of thymoquinone: A mechanistic
treatise. Food Sci Nutr 2021;9:1792‑809.
23. Parhizkar S, Latiff LA, Parsa A. Effect of Nigella sativa on
reproductive system in experimental menopause rat model.
Avicenna J Phytomed 2016;6:95‑103.
24. Latiff LA, Parhizkar S, Dollah MA, Hassan ST. Alternative
supplement for enhancement of reproductive health and
metabolic profile among perimenopausal women: A novel role of
Nigella sativa. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2014;17:980‑5.
25. Federici LM, Caliman IF, Molosh AI, Fitz SD, Truitt WA,
Bonaventure P, et al. Corrigendum to “Hypothalamic
orexin’s role in exacerbated cutaneous vasodilation
responses to an anxiogenic stimulus in a surgical menopause
model” [Psychoneuroendocrinology 65 (2016) 127‑137].
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016;73:275.
26. Gharagozloo P, Aitken RJ. The role of sperm oxidative stress in
male infertility and the significance of oral antioxidant therapy.
Hum Reprod 2011;26:1628‑40.
27. Parhizkar S. Effect of Nigella sativa on Selected Menopausal
Parameters in Ovariectomized Rats: Thesis in Universiti Putra
Malaysia; 2009.
28. Molaie M, Darvishi B, Jafari Azar Z, Shirazi M, Amin G,
Afshar S. Effects of a combination of Nigella sativa and Vitex
agnus‑castus with citalopram on healthy menopausal women
with hot flashes: Results from a subpopulation analysis. Gynecol
Endocrinol 2019;35:58‑61.
29. Mahdavi R, Heshmati J. Effects of black seeds (Nigella sativa)
on male infertility: A systematic review. J Herbal Med 2015;5:13.
30. Mohammad MA, Mohamad MM, Dradka H. Effects of black
seeds (Nigella sativa) on spermatogenesis and fertility of male
albino rats. Res J Med Med Sci 2009;4:386‑90.
31. Mohtashami A, Entezari MH. Effects of Nigella sativa
supplementation on blood parameters and anthropometric indices
in adults: A systematic review on clinical trials. J Res Med Sci
2016;21:3.
32. Lin HJ, Wang TD, Yu‑Chih Chen M, Hsu CY, Wang KL,
Huang CC, et al. 2020 consensus statement of the Taiwan
Hypertension Society and the Taiwan Society of Cardiology on
home blood pressure monitoring for the management of arterial
hypertension. Acta Cardiol Sin 2020;36:537‑61.
33. Mohammad‑Alizadeh‑Charandabi S, Shahnazi M, Nahaee J,
Bayatipayan S. Efficacy of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa L.)
in treating early symptoms of menopause: A randomized clinical
trial. Chin Med 2013;8:20.
34. Nazeri S, Hedayati M, Tavakkoli Darestani A, Ahmadvand H.
Relation of menopausal with total antioxidant capacity, super
oxide dismutase and catalase activity enzymes. J Sabzevar Univ
Med Sci 2013;20:367‑72.
35. Nahaee J. Effect of Black Cohosh on Early Symptoms of
Menopause: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Thesis of Tabriz
University of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing and
Midwifery; 2013.
36. Greene JG. Constructing a standard climacteric scale. Maturitas
2008;61:78‑84.
37. Askari F, Basiri Moghadam K, Basiri Moghadam M, Torabi S,
Gholamfarkhani S, Mohareri M, et al. Age of natural menopause
and compare The incidence of its early complications in
menopause transition stages in women from Gonabad city.
Horizon Med Sci 2012;17:42‑8.
38. Kargozar R, Azizi H, Salari R. A review of effective herbal
medicines in controlling menopausal symptoms. Electron
Physician 2017;9:5826‑33.
39. Carmignani LO, Pedro AO, Costa‑Paiva LH, Pinto‑Neto AM.
The effect of dietary soy supplementation compared to estrogen
and placebo on menopausal symptoms: A randomized controlled
trial. Maturitas 2010;67:262‑9.
40. Amin G, Mousavi Pharm A, Vosough S, Jafary Azar Z,
Shariat M, Haghollahi F, et al. Therapeutic effect of combination
of Nigella sativa, Melissa officinalis extract and fennel fruit
with citalopram on menopausal symptoms. Tehran Univ Med J
2018;76:417‑25.
41. Valadan M, Vafaeenia M, Asadi M. Effect of Nigella sativa and
placebo on sexual dysfunction in menopausal women. Gynecol
Obstet 2018;8:82.
42. Mostafa RM, Moustafa YM, Mirghani Z, AlKusayer GM,
Moustafa KM. Antioxidant effect of garlic (Allium sativum) and
black seeds (Nigella sativa) in healthy postmenopausal women.
SAGE Open Med 2013;1:2050312113517501.
43. Al‑Seeni MN, El Rabey HA, Al‑Hamed AM, Zamazami MA.
Nigella sativa oil protects against tartrazine toxicity in male rats.
Toxicol Rep 2018;5:146‑55.
44. Hadi V, Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M, Khabbazi A, Hosseini H.
Effects of Nigella sativa oil extract on inflammatory cytokine
response and oxidative stress status in patients with rheumatoid
arthritis: A randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled clinical
trial. Avicenna J Phytomed 2016;6:34‑43.
45. Al‑Azzawi MA, AboZaid MM, Ibrahem RA, Sakr MA.
Therapeutic effects of black seed oil supplementation on chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A randomized controlled
double blind clinical trial. Heliyon 2020;6:e04711.
46. Amizadeh S, Rashtchizadeh N, Khabbazi A, Ghorbanihaghjo A,
Ebrahimi AA, Vatankhah AM, et al. Effect of Nigella sativa
oil extracts on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in
Behcet’s disease: A randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled
clinical trial. Avicenna J Phytomed 2020;10:181‑9.
47. Hallajzadeh J, Milajerdi A, Mobini M, Amirani E, Azizi S,
Nikkhah E, et al. Effects of Nigella sativa on glycemic
control, lipid profiles, and biomarkers of inflammatory and
oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta‑analysis
of randomized controlled clinical trials. Phytother Res
2020;34:2586‑608.
)